As a writing system, English is neither phonemic like Spanish nor logographic like Chinese. Japanese has both phonemic and logographic in tandem. Other phonemic writings include Esperanto, Interlingua, Tagalog, Italian, Hawaiian, etc. Spanish writing with its accents is like musical notation, based on sounds. English writing is not this way, just hinting at the sound. I have not encountered a linguistics term that applies to the English way.
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